Abstract: ［Abstract］ Objective〖HTSS〗〓To observe and compare the efficacy and safety of the endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) and transanal endoscopic microsurgery(TEM) in the treatment of lower rectal neuroendocrine tumors.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Methods〖HTSS〗〓Eightynine patients(grades G1 and G2) with lowgrade rectal neuroendocrine tumors(≤7 cm from the anus) were included in this study. Thirtyfive patients were treated with ESD and fiftyfour patients were treated with TEM. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, average hospital stay were compared, And complete resection rate, perforation, and postoperative recurrence rate were followed up for 5 years after operation.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Results〖HTSS〗〓The intraoperative blood loss of the patients in the TEM group was less than that in ESD group（P＜005）. The operative time and the hospital stay of the patients in the TEM group were shorter than those in ESD group（P＜005）. There was no difference in complete resection rate, perforation, and postoperative recurrence rate between the two groups（P＞005）.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Conclusion〖HTSS〗〓Compared with TEM has the advantages of less intraoperative blood loss, shorter operative time, and shorter hospital stay,and is worthy of clinical promotion.

Key words: colorectal neoplasms, endoscopic submucosal dissection, transanal endoscopic microsurgery