不同雾化方式结合振动排痰仪对老年下呼吸道感染患者的治疗效果观察

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-3205.2020.06.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的研究不同雾化方式结合振动排痰仪对老年下呼吸道感染患者的治疗效果。
方法选取老年性下呼吸道感染患者120例作为研究对象，依据随机数字表法分为4组，每组30例，基础治疗组在基础治疗基础上使用振动排痰仪治疗，超声雾化仪组在基础治疗组的基础上使用超声雾化仪治疗，氧气雾化组在基础治疗组的基础上使用氧气雾化治疗，压力雾化组在基础治疗组的基础上使用压力雾化治疗，治疗7 d，观察4组入组治疗前和治疗7 d后生理指标、血气指标、肺功能、24 h排痰量及不良反应发生情况。
结果 4组治疗7 d后心率、呼吸频率和血氧饱和度较入组治疗前差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。治疗7 d后，4组心率、呼吸频率和血氧饱和度差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。治疗7 d后，4组动脉血氧分压（arterial partial pressure of oxygen，PaO2）较入组治疗前均升高，动脉血二氧化碳分压（arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure，PaCO2）均降低，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。治疗7 d后，超声雾化仪组、氧气雾化组、压力雾化组PaO2均高于基础治疗组，PaCO2均低于基础治疗组，氧气雾化组、压力雾化组PaO2均高于超声雾化仪组，氧气雾化组PaCO2低于超声雾化仪组，压力雾化组PaO2低于氧气雾化组，PaCO2高于氧气雾化组，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。治疗7 d后，4组
第1秒用力肺活量占预计值百分比(forced expiratory volume in one second，FEV1%），第1秒钟用力肺活量占用力肺活量的比值(forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity，FEV1/FVC)和最大呼气峰流速（peak expiratory flow，PEF）较入组治疗前均升高，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。治疗7 d后，超声雾化仪组、氧气雾化组、压力雾化组FEV1、FEV1/FVC和PEF均高于基础治疗组，氧气雾化组、压力雾化组FEV1、FEV1/FVC和PEF均高于超声雾化仪组，压力雾化组FEV1、FEV1/FVC和PEF均低于氧气雾化组，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。治疗7 d后，4组排痰量较入组治疗前均增多，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。治疗7 d后，超声雾化仪组、氧气雾化组、压力雾化组排痰量均多于基础治疗组，氧气雾化组、压力雾化组排痰量均多于超声雾化仪组，压力雾化组排痰量少于氧气雾化组，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。4组发生咽部不适、胃肠道反应、口干、头昏等不良反应发生率差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。不良反应发生率最大的是压力雾化组。
结论氧气雾化治疗联合排痰仪治疗，患者的血气指标和肺功能各项指标明显改善，不良反应发生率下降，值得在临床进行推广。

关键词: 呼吸道感染, 雾化吸入, 震动排痰

Abstract: Objective To study the Efficacy of different atomization methods combined with vibration sputum elimination device in the treatment of elderly patients with lower respiratory tract infection.
Methods One hundred and twenty cases of elderly patients with lower respiratory tract infection were selected as the research object. They were divided into 4 groups according to the random number table method, 30 cases in each group. The basic treatment group was treated with vibration expectorant on the basis of basic treatment, the ultrasonic atomizer group was treated with ultrasonic atomizer on the basis of basic treatment, the oxygen atomizer group was treated with oxygen atomizer on the basis of basic treatment, and the pressure atomizer group was treated with pressure atomizer group B was treated with pressure atomization on the basis of the basic treatment group for 7 days. The differences of physiological indexes, blood gas indexes, lung function, 24 hour sputum discharge and adverse reactions were observed before and after the treatment.
Results There was no significant difference in heart rate, respiratory rate and blood oxygen saturation among the four groups(P＞0.05). After 7 days of treatment, there was no significant difference in heart rate, respiratory rate and blood oxygen saturation among the four groups(P＞0.05). After 7 days of treatment, arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2) of the four groups was higher than that before treatment, and arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure(PaCO2) was lower(P＜0.01). After 7 days of treatment, PaO2 of the ultrasonic atomizer group, oxygen atomizer group and pressure atomizer group were higher than that of the basic treatment group, PaO2 of the oxygen atomizer group and pressure atomizer group were higher than that of the ultrasonic atomizer group, PaO2 of the oxygen atomizer group was lower than that of the ultrasonic atomizer group, PaO2 of the pressure atomizer group was lower than that of the oxygen atomizer group, and PaO2 of the oxygen atomizer group was higher than that of the oxygen atomizer group(P＜0.01)）. After 7 days of treatment, forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1%), forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity(FEV1/FVC) and peak expiratory flow(PEF) of the four groups were significantly higher than those before treatment(P＜0.01). After 7 days of treatment, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and PEF in the ultrasonic atomization group, oxygen atomization group and pressure atomization group were higher than those in the basic treatment group, FEV1, FEV1 / FVC and PEF in the oxygen atomization group and pressure atomization group were higher than those in the ultrasonic atomization group, FEV1, FEV1 / FVC and PEF in the pressure atomization group were lower than those in the oxygen atomization group, the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01). After 7 days of treatment, the amount of sputum excretion in the four groups increased significantly compared with that before treatment(P＜0.01). After 7 days of treatment, the sputum volume of ultrasonic atomization group, oxygen atomization group and pressure atomization group was more than that of basic treatment group. The sputum volume of oxygen atomization group and pressure atomization group was more than that of ultrasonic atomization group. The sputum volume of pressure atomization group was less than that of oxygen atomization group, the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01). There were significant differences in adverse reactions(P＜0.01). The biggest adverse reaction rate was in the pressure atomization group.
Conclusion Oxygen atomization therapy combined with expectorant therapy, the patient′s blood gas indicators and lung function indicators are significantly improved, the rate of adverse reactions are low, it is worth promoting in clinical.

Key words: respiratory tract infection, aerosol inhalation, vibration expectoration

贺晓娇. 不同雾化方式结合振动排痰仪对老年下呼吸道感染患者的治疗效果观察[J]. 河北医科大学学报, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-3205.2020.06.014.

HE Xiao-jiao. Efficacy of different atomization methods combined with vibration sputum elimination device in the treatment of elderly patients with lower respiratory tract infection#br#[J]. Journal of Hebei Medical University, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-3205.2020.06.014.

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不同雾化方式结合振动排痰仪对老年下呼吸道感染患者的治疗效果观察

Efficacy of different atomization methods combined with vibration sputum elimination device in the treatment of elderly patients with lower respiratory tract infection#br#

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