Abstract: Objective  To detect the incidence of complications of the two surgical methods-the end-to-side and end-to-end radial artery-cephalic vein anastomosis in patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD) by color Doppler ultrasonography(CDUS), and to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of two surgical methods. 
Methods  We selected 60 patients with ESRD that had been treated successfully by the two surgical methods respectively. CDUS was used to detect the three kinds of complications that were higher in incidence in the two groups: endovascular thrombosis, fistula stenosis and aneurysmal dilation of the involved artery and vein. Two sets of data were analyzed statistically. 
Results  CDUS could accurately monitor the occurrence of postoperative complications of arteriovenous fistula, The incidence of endovascular thrombosis and fistula stenosis in end-to-end anastomosis group was higher than that in end-to-side anastomosis group(P＜0.05), but there was no significant difference in the incidence of aneurysmal dilation in two groups(P＞0.05). 
Conclusion  CDUS can be used to detect the common postoperative complications of the two surgical methods accurately, and it can be used as the preferred choice for its cost-effectiveness and accuracy in clinical practice. Among the two commonly used surgical methods, the end-to-side radial artery-cephalic vein anastomosis has fewer complications and milder symptoms, and is therefore recommended as the first choice on the basis of surgical indications. 

Key words: ultrasonography, Doppler, color, arteriovenous fistula, thrombosis