Abstract: Objective To investigate the expression levels and clinical significance of serum long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 and lncRNA CHAST in patients with atrial fibrillation. 
 Methods In total, 100 patients with atrial fibrillation (50 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and 50 patients with non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation) were selected as the research group, and 50 healthy adults who underwent physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. General clinical data and relevant examination indicators from all subjects were collected, and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) method was used to detect the expression levels of serum lncRNA H19 and lncRNA CHAST, and the correlation between the expression levels of serum lncRNA H19 and lncRNA CHAST and myocardial remodeling-related indicators in patients with atrial fibrillation was evaluated. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors of atrial fibrillation, and the predictive value of serum lncRNA H19 and lncRNA CHAST expression levels for atrial fibrillation was analyzed. 
 Results The serum levels of lncRNA H19 and lncRNA CHAST expression in the research group were higher than those in the control group (1.64±0.48 and 1.58±0.40 vs. 1.05±0.33 and 1.06±0.35, P＜0.05). The serum levels of lncRNA H19 and lncRNA CHAST expression in the non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation group were higher than those in the paroxysmal atrial fibrillation group (P＜0.05). The expression levels of lncRNA H19 and lncRNA CHAST were positively correlated with left atrial diameter and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, and negatively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (P＜0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the expression levels of lncRNA H19 (OR=5.115, 95%CI: 1.240-21.089) and lncRNA CHAST (OR=2.522, 95%CI: 1.172-5.426) were influencing factors for atrial fibrillation. The ROC curve showed that the AUC of expression levels of lncRNA H19 and lncRNA CHAST alone and in combination for predicting atrial fibrillation were 0.860, 0.833, and 0.932, respectively. 
 Conclusion lncRNA H19 and lncRNA CHAST are independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation. The two indicators have certain value in predicting the occurrence of atrial fibrillation, and the combination of the two has higher value in predicting the occurrence of atrial fibrillation. 

Key words: atrial fibrillation, RNA, long non-coding, prediction