Abstract: Objective To explore the application of transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) combined with unilateral rectus sheath block (RSB) in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and to observe the effects on inflammatory stress and quality and comfort during the recovery period. 
Methods In total, 85 patients who underwent LC in our hospital were selected and grouped. The control group (n=42) was given TAPB, and the observation group (n=43) was given subcostal TAPB combined with unilateral RSB; both groups were given general anesthesia. The postoperative inflammatory stress level was observed in the two groups, the quality of the patients during the recovery period was recorded, and the postoperative comfort was evaluated. 
Results There was no significant difference in preoperative C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and blood glucose levels between the two groups (P＞0.05). Compared with those before surgery, the values of the postoperative patients increased significantly, but the levels of inflammatory stress factors in the observation group were lower than that of the control group, showing significant differences (P＜0.05). Comparion of the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at 24 h after surgery showed that the VAS scores of the patients in the observation group were lower than that of the control group at different periods after surgery, and there were significant differences between the two groups (P＜0.05). The duration of operation, intraoperative blood loss and length of hospital stay of the two groups were not significantly different (P＞0.05), while the first time of postoperative anal exhaust, awakening time and the time of first off-bed activity in the observation group were shorter than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). After surgery, Braden Comfort Scale (BCS) scores were higher the observation group than in the control group, and the difference was significant (P＜0.05). The frequency of patients in the observation group was lower than that of the control group, and the total adverse effect rate was 18.60%, which was lower than that of the control group (40.48%), suggesting significant differences (P＜0.05). 
Conclusion The application of TAPB combined with unilateral RSB in LC can improve the postoperative comfort and quality during the recovery period, reduce the inflammatory stress response and have clinical value. 

Key words: cholecystectomy, laparoscopic, subcostal transversus abdominis plane block, unilateral rectus sheath block