Abstract: Objective Respiratory diseases are one of the major threats to the health of Chinese residents, and allergies are one of the important pathogenic factors of respiratory diseases. The correlation between respiratory diseases and allergen spectrum in Shanghai area was analyzed to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of respiratory allergic diseases in Shanghai area. 
Methods In this study, we collected 5 183 serum samples from patients in Department of Respiratory Disease, Hongkou and Songjiang Branches of Shanghai General Hospital from January 2019 to August 2022. Quantitative total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) detections, including 17 types (groups) of allergens, were performed on samples using Thermo Phadia 250, to analyze the distribution of allergen positive rate in ages, sexes, months and years. 
Results The results showed that the inhalant allergen (30.53%) was superior to the ingestion allergen (15.68%) in the patients with respiratory diseases in Shanghai area. Dermatophagoides farinae (34.94%), dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (33.91%), shrimps (11.89%), Blattella germanica (11.82%), mixed fungi (Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida albicans, Alternaria alternata, and Aspergillus nidulans) (8.77%) and cat dander (8.08%) were the main allergens of respiratory diseases. Among them, dust mites and animal dander had seasonal changes, which reached the peak in winter, and the allergic rate of dust mites increased year by year The positive rate of most allergens in children was the highest in all age groups, and the difference of allergen spectrum among the age groups might be related to the immune status and living level. The positive rate of allergen in males was higher than that in females, which might be related to occupational exposure, residence time and hormone level. The main allergens in the respiratory disease groups were a mixture of dust mite combinations. 
Conclusion The overall prevalence of allergic respiratory diseases in China is rising, and there are regional, seasonal, age and sex differences. It is important to prevent and control allergic respiratory diseases according to regional allergic conditions. This research investigates the allergen spectrum of respiratory disease patients in Shanghai area, providing the clinical basis and reference for the identification, prevention, and control of allergens in Shanghai area. 

Key words: anaphylaxis, allergens, respiratory diseases, immunoglobin E