Abstract: ［Abstract］  Objective〖HTSS〗〓To observe and compare the clinicopathologic feature between primary and secondary cholesterol pneumonia, and to discuss the clinical characters in order to providing theoretical basis for understanding and diagnosing diseases.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Methods〖HTSS〗〓By comparing the imaging of 8 cases of primary cholesterol pneumonia and 37 cases of secondary, combined with the diagnosis under light microscope and the clinical feature , we sum up the characteristics using the statistical analysis.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Results〖HTSS〗〓Clinical manifestation of primary and secondary cholesterol pneumonia mostly included sputum with blood in phlegm cough, fever, chest condition, etc. No significant difference was found in the two groups(P>0.05). The proportion of women with primary cholesterol pneumonia is higher than that of the secondary, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The ratio of age over 50 and the position of cholesterol pneumonia were not observed obvious difference in the two groups(P>0.05). The constituent ratio of the imaging, round target character, liquid airfilled bronchi, pleural thickening and mediastinal lymph node enlargement were not found significant difference in the two groups(P>0.05). There was no  statistical significance of the ratio of the mass size which is more than 3cm in the two groups(P>0.05).The foam cells gathered in the alveolar space with cholesterol cleft and multinuclear giant cell under the light scope in primary and secondary cholesterol pneumonia, and the proliferation of lymphocytes was found in the pulmonary interstitium. Also, the cubic alveolar epithelial hyperplasia was observed.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Conclusion〖HTSS〗〓Different types of cholesterol pneumonia cannot be distinguished by clinical and imaging manifestations, of which diagnosis was still subject to pathological diagnosis. The most common was nodular mass type, the accompanying manifestation including the round target character and pleural thickening and the foam cells aggregation in light microscope, which provided theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: pneumonia, lipid, pathology, tomography, spiral computed