Abstract: ［Abstract］  Objective〖HTSS〗〓To explore the relationship of the expression level of Atg5 protein and Atg7 protein with the occurrence and development of leukemia.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Methods〖HTSS〗〓Fifty children who were newly diagonesd with acute leukemia(AL) were collected as experiment group, including 30 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) and 20 cases of acute myelogenous leukemia(AML). Twenty cases of nonmalignant hematological disease children were selected as control group. Immunohistochemical staining was used to test the expression level of Atg5 protein and Atg7 protein in bone marrow cells.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Results〖HTSS〗〓The positive rate of Atg5 protein expression in ALL and AML group was higher than that in control group, and the positive rate of Atg7 protein expression in AML group was higher than that in control group, the difference was statistically significant（P＜005）. Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation between the expression of Atg5 and Atg7 protein(r=0.333, P＞001).
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Conclusion〖HTSS〗〓Atg5 protein is upregulated in AL and may be involved in the development of AL. The elevated expression of Atg7 protein in AML may be related to the occurrence and development of AML.

Key words: leukemia, lymphoid, leukemia, myeloid, child