Abstract: Objective  To investigate hypoxia-induced cerebral injury and the changes of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) and heat shock protein 70(HSP70) in children with febrile convulsion. 
Methods  A total of 70 children with febrile convulsion were selected as the research group, and they were divided into simple convulsion group(n=45) and status convulsion(SC) group(n=25) according to the duration of febrile convulsion. In the meantime, 70 healthy children undergoing physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. The serum levels of BDNF，HSP70, pH value, arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO2), total carbon dioxide(TCO2), and blood gas levels were compared among three groups. 
Results  The levels of BDNF and HSP70 in SC group were higher than those in control group and simple convulsion group(P＜0.05); there was no significant difference between the control group and simple convulsion group with respect to pH value, PaO2, PaCO2 and TCO2(P＞0.05). pH value and PaO2 of SC group were lower than those of control group(P＜0.05), while PaCO2 and TCO2 of SC group were higher than those of control group and simple convulsion group(P＜0.05). pH value and PaO2 of SC group were lower than those of simple convulsion group(P＜0.05). 
Conclusion  In the study of hypoxia-induced cerebral injury in children with febrile convulsion, it is found that there is a significant correlation of hypoxia-induced cerebral injury with BDNF and HSP70 levels in children with SC, which should be further studied. 

Key words: seizures, febrile, hypoxia, brain, HSP70 heat-shock proteins