河北医科大学学报

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

高频超声与肌电图诊断尺神经肘管综合征的临床研究

  

  1. 1.河北省石家庄市第三医院功能科,河北 石家庄 050011;2.河北省石家庄市第三医院脊柱外科,河北 石家庄 050011;3. 河北省石家庄市第三医院手足外科,河北 石家庄 050011
  • 出版日期:2016-09-25 发布日期:2016-09-28
  • 作者简介:曹亚坤( 1981- ),女,河北石家庄人,河北省石家庄 市第三医院主治医师,医学硕士,从事超声与肌电图诊断研究。
  • 基金资助:
    石家庄市科学技术研究与发展指导计划( 131461403 )

Clinical study of high frequency ultrasonography combined with EMG in the diagnosis of the cubital tunnel syndrome

  1. 1.Department of Functional Section, the Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province,
    Shijiazhuang 050011, China; 2.Department of Spinal Surgery, the Third Hospital of
    Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050011, China;3.Department of
    Hand and Foot Surgery, the Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang City,
    Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
  • Online:2016-09-25 Published:2016-09-28

摘要: [摘要] 目的 应用高频超声与肌电图诊断尺神经肘管综合征,从形态和功能两方面进行诊断研究。方法 选
择临床拟诊肘管综合征患者 32 例和健康志愿者(对照组) 32 例,应用高频浅表超声对肘部尺神经进行检查,测定尺
神经的回声变化、最大横径、周长、横截面积,观察周围组织有否异常回声等;同时应用肌电图仪对尺神经进行神经
传导及针极肌电图检查,测定腕 - 肘下 5cm 、肘下 5cm 处 - 肘、肘 - 肘上 5cm 处各节段运动神经传导速度及波
幅,小指 - 腕感觉神经传导速度及波幅,第一骨间肌、小指展肌和尺侧腕屈肌的肌电图等电生理指标;比较 2 种检
查方法的相关性,运用受试者工作特征(
receiveroperatingcharacteristiccurve , ROC )曲线确定诊断值。结果 肘管
综合征组尺神经总体肿胀增粗或粗细不均,长轴神经束状结构显示不清,回声减低,可见卡压处明显压迹,短轴尺
神经点状回声可消失,神经肿胀,神经直径增大。尺神经最大横径、周长、横截面积大于对照组,肘下 5cm 处 - 肘
和肘 - 肘上 5cm 处节段运动神经传导速度明显慢于对照组,各节段波幅明显低于对照组,尺神经小指 - 腕感觉神
经传导速度慢于对照组,波幅低于对照组( P <0.05 )。高频超声测量的横截面积与尺神经肘段运动传导速度呈负
相关( P <0.05 )。由 ROC 曲线可得横截面积为 0.
0695cm
2 ,敏感度为 71.4% ,特异度为 92.3% 。结论 高频超声
可清晰显示肘部尺神经走行,测量卡压处数值。应用高频超声和肌电图 2 种诊断方法可对尺神经肘部损伤进行形
态和功能诊断,并初步断定手术指征。

关键词: 肘管综合征, 超声检查, 肌电描记术

Abstract: [
Abstract ] Objective TousehighfrequencyultrasoundcombinedwithEMGinthediagnosis
ofcubitaltunnelsyndrome.Methods Thirty-twopatientsandthirty-twohealthyvolunteerswere
testedinhighfrequencyultrasoundandEMGrespectively.Theechochangesoftheulnarnerve ,
themaximumtransversediameter , thecircumference , thecross-sectionalarea ( CSA ) andthe
surroundingtissuewereobservedbyhighfrequencyultrasound.Atthesametime , testingthe
motornerveconductionvelocity ( MNCV ) andamplitudeofwristtoelbowunder5cm , elbow
under5cmtoelbowandelbowtoelbowabove5cmatsegmental.Thesensorynerveconduction velocity ( SNCV ) and amplitude of little finger to wrist were examined. While the
electrophysiologicalindexofthefirstinterosseousmuscle , abductordigitiminimiandflexorcarpi
ulnarismusclewererecordedbyEMG.ThePearsoncorrelationanalysisbetweenmaximalCSA
andMNCVinthepatientsgroup wasthenperformed.Receiveroperatorcharacteristiccurves
( ROCcurves ) weremadebySPSStogetthediagnosticcriteria.Results Inpatientsgroup ,
comparedwiththehealthyadults , theechoesoftheunlarnervebundlestructuredisplaywere
hypoechoic , obviousimpressioncouldbeseenatlongaxis.Attheshortaxisoftheulnarnerve
echogenicdotsweredisappearandnervediameterwereincreased.TheMNCVfromelbowunder
5cmtoelbowandelbowtoelbowabove5cmweredecreasedsignificantly.TheSNCVfromlittle
fingertowristweredecreasedsignificantly.TheCSAandMNCVhadnegativelycorrelations.The
diagnosticcriterionofCSA was0. 0695cm
2 ,
thesensitivitywas71.4% andthespecificitywas
92.3%.Conclusion Highfrequencyultrasoundcanclearlyshowtheulnarnerveoftheelbow.
CombinedwithhighfrequencyultrasoundandEMGcanbeusedtodiagnosetheinjuryofthe
ulnarnerveattheelbowfrom morphologyandfunction , andtodeterminetheindicationsof
operation.

Key words: cubitaltunnelsyndrome , ultrasonography , electromyography