河北医科大学学报

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

非HIV感染免疫抑制重症肺炎患者的病原学分析#br#

  

  1. 河北医科大学第二医院呼吸二科,河北 石家庄 050000
  • 出版日期:2018-10-25 发布日期:2018-09-27
  • 作者简介:顾莹(1990-),女,河北保定人,河北医科大学第二医院医学硕士研究生,从事重症医学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    河北省医学科学研究重点课题(20170603)

The etiology analysis of nonHIV immunosuppressed patients with severe pneumonia#br#

  1. The Second Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
  • Online:2018-10-25 Published:2018-09-27

摘要: [摘要]〓
〖HTH〗目的〖HTSS〗〖KG*2〗了解呼吸重症监护病房非人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染免疫抑制重症肺炎患者病原体分布及耐药性,为临床经验性治疗提供参考。
〖HTH〗方法〖HTSS〗〖KG*2〗收集确诊为重症肺炎的非HIV感染免疫抑制患者101例的病原学资料进行回顾性分析,包括痰液、下呼吸道分泌物及肺泡灌洗液培养、病原体抗体检查、G试验、血培养及药敏试验结果。
〖HTH〗结果〖HTSS〗〖KG*2〗101例患者下呼吸道分泌物中共分离出病原菌251株。其中革兰阴性杆菌184株(73.31%),以鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌为多见。革兰阳性球菌5株(1.99%);真菌62株(24.70%),以白色假丝酵母菌及曲霉菌为多见。卡氏肺孢子菌镜检阳性者8例(3.19%)。血清学检查:真菌G试验阳性者54例(53.47%)。病毒血清学检查:巨细胞病毒DNA拷贝数异常增高者31例,巨细胞病毒IgG抗体阳性者3例;EB病毒DNA拷贝数异常增高者23例,EB病毒IgG抗体阳性者1例;单纯疱疹病毒1型IgG阳性者3例、单纯疱疹病毒2型IgG阳性者2例,风疹病毒IgG阳性者3例,呼吸道合胞病毒抗体IgM阳性者2例。血清结核杆菌抗体阳性者9例,分别为结核杆菌38 kDa蛋白抗体阳性者7例,结核杆菌16 kDa蛋白抗体阳性者1例,结核杆菌LAM抗体阳性者8例。从101例患者血细菌培养中共发现阳性结果11例,共分离出病原体17株,以球菌为主,主要为人葡萄球菌7例,表皮葡萄球菌2例,溶血葡萄球菌2例,金黄色葡萄球菌、头葡萄球菌、屎肠球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌各1例。从101例患者尿细菌培养中共发现阳性结果6例,共分离出病原体8株,分别为白色假丝酵母菌、大肠埃希菌、屎肠球菌各2例,产吲哚金黄杆菌、溶血葡萄球菌各1例。药敏试验显示革兰阴性杆菌中鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌及肺炎克雷伯菌对抗生素多重耐药率较高,未发现耐万古霉素及利奈唑胺的革兰阳性球菌。
〖HTH〗结论〖HTSS〗〖KG*2〗非HIV感染免疫抑制重症肺炎患者多重耐药菌感染、真菌和病毒比例较高,应警惕肺孢子菌肺炎。

关键词: 肺炎, 人类免疫缺陷病毒, 病原

Abstract: [Abstract]〓Objective〖HTSS〗〓The purpose of this study is to analyze the etiology characteristics of severe pneumonia in nonHIV immunosuppressed patients.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Methods〖HTSS〗〓The 101 cases of nonHIV immunosuppressed patients with severe pneumonia in the intensive care unit. The etiology data(including sputum, lower respiratory tract secretion and alveolar lavage fluid, pathogens antibody examination, G test, blood culture and drug susceptibility test results) of these patients were retrospectively analyzed.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Results〖HTSS〗〓The 251 strains of pathogen were isolated from these patients. Thegramnegative bacilli were 184 strains(73.31%), including acinetobacter baumannii, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae and e. coli etc. The gram positive coccus were 5 strains(1.99%). Funguses were 62 strains(24.70%), including Candida albicansand Aspergillus. Pneumocystis was 8 cases(3.19%). Serological G test were positive in 54 cases(53.47%). Virus serological examination revealed cytomegalovirus(CMV) DNA copy were positive in 31 cases, CMV IgG antibody were positive in 3 cases. Epsteinbarr virus(EBV) DNA copy was increased in 23 cases, EBV IgG antibody were positive in1 cases. Herpes simplex virus type 1 IgG was positive in 3 cases, Herpes simplex virus type 2 IgG was positive in 2 cases, Rubella virus IgG was positive in 3 cases, respiratory syncytial virus IgM antibody was positive in 2 cases. Serum Mycobacterium tuberculosis antibody was positive in 9 cases. The 38 kDa protein antibody was positive in 7 cases, 16 kDa protein antibody was positive in 1 case, LAM antibody was positive in 8 cases. Blood culture of bacteria was positive in 11 cases, a total of 17 strains pathogens were isolated, mainly were aureus, including staphylococcus 7 cases, staphylococcus epidermidis 2 cases and staphylococcus haemolyticus 2 cases, and staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus capitis, enterococcus faecium, acinetobacter baumannii were all 1 case separately. Drug sensitive test showed high multiple drug resistance in gram negative bacilli including acinetobacter baumannii, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and klebsiella pneumonia. But no grampositive cocci were founded to be resistant to vancomycin or linezolid.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Conclusion〖HTSS〗〓Multiple drugresistant bacteria infection, fungi and viruses infection ratio were high in nonHIV immunosuppressed patients with severe pneumonia. And pneumocystis pneumoni should be vigilant also.

Key words: neumonia, human immunodeficiency virus, noxae