Abstract: 〗［Abstract］ Objective〖HTSS〗〓To evaluate the risk factors of systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) after percutaneous nephrolithotomy for upper urinary calculi, and to evaluate the role of neutrophils/lymphocyte ratio in prediction of postoperative SIRS.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Methods〖HTSS〗〓Three hundred and twentythree patients after percutaneous nephrolithotomy were divided into SIRS group and nonSIRS group according to whether SIRS occurred or not. The diabetes history, infectious stones, multichannel operation, positive rate of preoperative urine culture, NLR, hemoglobin content, albumin content, stone load and operation time were compared between the two groups. 
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Results〖HTSS〗〓Among 323 patients, 48 had SIRS after operation. The incidence of diabetes history, infection stone history and perioperative blood transfusion history in SIRS group were higher than those in nonSIRS group. The stone load and NLR in SIRS group were higher than those in nonSIRS group(P＜005). Logistic regression showed that NLR(OR=8.886, P=0000) and infectious stones(OR=6.742, P=0000) were independent risk factors for SIRS after percutaneous nephroscopy. ROC curve analysis showed that the best cutoff point of NLR before operation was 2.31, the sensitivity was 72.9%, the specificity was 75.6%, and the area under curve was 80.8%.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Conclusion〖HTSS〗〓Preoperative NLR level can be used to predict the occurrence of SIRS after percutaneous nephrolithotomy. This index is simple and easy to measure, and its cost is low. It is a good index for predicting postoperative infection.

Key words: systemic inflammatory response syndrome, urinary calculi, risk factors