Abstract: ［Abstract］ Objective〖HTSS〗To analyze the background activity of electroencephalography(EEG) in childhood absence epilepsy and its relationship with event-related potential(ERP) P300, and to provide an objective basis for clinical evaluation of cognitive dysfunction and early intervention in childhood absence epilepsy.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Methods〖HTSS〗A total of 56 children(observation group) with absence of epilepsy were enrolled. And 55 healthy volunteers (control group) matched with gender, age and education level were collected. The P300 latency and amplitude of video-electroencephalogram（VEEG）and ERP were collected and retrospectively analyzed.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Results〖HTSS〗There was a statistically significant difference in the latency and amplitude of P300 between two groups before treatment(P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the latency of P300 between two groups after treatment(P＞0.05). There were significant differences in the background activity of EEG between the observation group before and after treatment(P＜0.05), and the difference of P300 latency was statistically significant(P＜0.05). The background activity of EEG in the observation group was negatively correlated with the latency of P300(P＜0.05)，that is, the slower the background activity, the longer the P300 incubation period.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Conclusion〖HTSS〗Some children with typical absence epilepsy have cognitive impairment,all atypical absence children have cognitive impairment,and VEEG has a significant correlation with P300,the combination of the two can be used as an objective indicator to monitor the therapeutic effect.

Key words: epilepsy, absence, event-related potential P300, child