Abstract: ［Abstract］  Objective〖HTSS〗〓To discuss the necessity analysis of routine screening for cervical during the 42 days of postpartum and gestational period.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Methods〖HTSS〗〓Six hundred and twentysix cases of women were selected, including pregnancy 6-36 weeks in 60 cases, postpartum 42 d in 566 cases. The distribution of cytological diagnosis and cervical changes seen by the naked eye had been observed after pregnancy and at 42 d postpartum, by using the gold standard of the Bethesda system diagnosis.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Results〖HTSS〗〓The positive rate of cytological screening in 60 pregnant women was 11.68%(7/60) in this research. The positive rate was 7.42%(42/566) of 566 cases of pregnant women in this group of studies by cytological screening on the 42nd day postpartum. There were 417 cases were delivered by vaginal delivery and 149 cases of cesarean section of 566 cases of pregnant women in this group of studies. The total constituent ratio was 73.85%(418/566) of cervical lesions, including cervicitis in 388 cases, cervical laceration in 9 cases, cervical hypertrophy in 5 cases, cervical polyps in 4 cases, developmental malformation in 4 cases, cervical incompetence in 3 cases, cervical gland cyst in 2 cases, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 in 1 cases, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1in 2 cases.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Conclusion〖HTSS〗〓Pregnant women should be screened for cervical disease during the period of prenatal and postnatal 42 d examination, which is helpful for the timely detection of cervical lesions, and to detect and treatment early in order to improve the quality life of pregnant women.

Key words: uterine cervical diseases, vaginal smears, screening