Abstract: Objective  To investigate the incidence and risk factors of contralateral hip refracture after hip fracture surgery in the elderly patients. 
Methods  Clinial data of 356 patients who underwent surgery retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into refracture group(n=32) and non-refracture group(n=324) according to the recurrence of contralateral hip fracture within 1 year after initial hip fracture surgery. The age, body mass index(BMI), regular sun exposure, combined medical diseases, osteoporosis, compliance of anti-osteoporosis drugs after initial hip fracture, frequency of exercise and other variables were recorded and compared between two groups. All variables were entered into a multivariate logistic analysis model to determine the risk factors of contralateral hip refracture. 
Results  Thirty-two of the 356 hip patients suffered from contralateral hip refracture, with a re-fracture incidence of 9.0%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age, serious osteoporosis, lack of regularsunexposure, combined with a variety of medical diseases, poor compliance of anti-osteoporosis drugs after the initial hip fracture, and lack of appropriate exercise were risk factors for contralateral hip refracture after hip fracture surgery in the elderly patients(P＜0.05). 
Conclusion  The incidence of contralateral hip refracture after initial hip fracture surgery in the elderly was 9.0%. An active management of body weight, regular sun exposure, prevention and treatment of combined medical diseases, regularly intake of anti-osteoporosis drugs, strengthening education, boosting the compliance of anti-osteoporosis, and appropriate exercise can reduce the incidence of hip refracture.

Key words: hip fractures, risk factors, osteoporosis, refracture