Abstract: ［Abstract］Objective〖HTSS〗To investigate the safety and efficiency of nasal continuous positive airway pressure(nCPAP) in moderate to severe capillary bronchitis.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Methods〖HTSS〗This was a prospective study.Children who were admitted with moderate to severe capillary bronchitis and met the nCPAP ventilation indications.A total of 120 children were included,4 cases with incomplete data were excluded,and 116 cases were finally included.According to clinical outcomes,the two groups were divided into the successful group and the unsuccessful group.The differences in partial pressure of oxygen（PaO2）, partial pressure of carbon dioxide（PaCO2）, PaO2/fraction of inspiration O2（FiO2）, breath and heart rate of the two groups were compared between prenCPAP and postnCPAP at 2 h, 24 h and 48 h.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Results〖HTSS〗A total of 108 cases(93.1%) were successfully treated with nCPAP. Eight cases (6.9%) in the unsuccessful group were changed to treat by airway intubation and mechanical ventilation. PaO2, PaO2/FiO2 prenCPAP were lower，and PaCO2 were higher  in nCPAP unsuccessful group(P＜0.05). After nCPAP treatment, breath and heart rate, PaCO2 of the children in the successful group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05). PaO2, PaO2/FiO2 were significantly increased(P＜0.05). All children had good tolerance to nCPAP and no adverse events occurred.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Conclusion〖HTSS〗nCPAP treatment has significant efficacy and high safety, and can effectively improve oxygenation and relieve hypercapnia in children. However, for children with severe hypoxia and obvious carbon dioxide retention, invasive ventilation should be selected as soon as possible.

Key words: bronchiolitis, continuous positive airway pressure, infant