Abstract: ［Abstract］〓Objective〖HTSS〗〓To investigate the role and mechanism of exosomes derived from glioblastoma multiforme cell(GBMexo)  in facilitating microgliaelicited activation of inflammatory network and chemotherapeutic resistance.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Methods〖HTSS〗〓U87 and BV2 cells were cultured, and exosomes derived from U87(U87exo)  was isolated. We labeled U87exo with GFP,  and added them to BV2 cell culture medium for monitoring cargo delivery. Except for PBS control group,  BV2 microglias were treated with 1 mg/L lipopolysaccharides(LPS) and U87exo at different concentrations, while they were divided into LPS group, LPS+exo(50 mg/L) group, LPS+exo(100 mg/L) group and LPS+exo(200 mg/L) group. Morphological changes of BV2 microglias in the five groups were observed after 24 h under phasecontrast microscoy. The BV2 cells and the cell cultured supernatant were harvested for detection of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), tumor necrosis factorα(TNFα), interleukin 1β(IL1β） and interleukin 6(IL6) by ELISA, inducible nitric oxide synthesis(iNOS) and CXC chemokine receptor type 5(CXCR5) mRNA level by RTPCR, as well as protein expression changes by western blotting.
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Results〖HTSS〗〓U87exo were transfered into BV2 cells and  promoted microglia activation and morphological changes. Compared with control group, the levels of LDH, TNFα, IL1β, IL6, iNOS mRNA and CXCR5 mRNA were higher in LPS group, LPS+exo(50 mg/L) group, LPS+exo(100 mg/L) group and LPS+exo(200 mg/L) group(P＜005). Compared with LPS group, the levels of LDH, TNFα, IL1β, IL6, iNOS mRNA and CXCR5 mRNA were higher in LPS+exo(50 mg/L) group, LPS+exo(100 mg/L) group and LPS+exo(200 mg/L) group(P＜005). Compared with LPS+exo(50 mg/L) group, the levels of LDH, TNFα, IL1β, IL6, iNOS mRNA and CXCR5 mRNA were higher in LPS+exo(100 mg/L) group and LPS+exo(200 mg/L) group(P＜005). Compared with LPS+exo(100 mg/L) group, the levels of LDH, TNFα, IL1β, IL6 and iNOS mRNA were higher in LPS+exo(200 mg/L) group(P＜005), while CXCR5 mRNA were lower in LPS+exo(200 mg/L) group(P＜005).
〖HTH〗〖WTHZ〗Conclusion〖HTSS〗〓These results proved that GBMexo facilitated microgliaelicited activation of inflammatory network in microenvironment as well as chemotherapeutic resistance, which will provide a powerful basis for further understanding and treatment of glioma. 

Key words: glioma, microglia, exosome