关键词: 自我治疗, 影响因素分析, 老年人

Abstract: Objective  To explore the factors associated with self-treatment  and  its mode selection in the elderly.
Methods  Based on the data from “China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey(CHARLS)” in 2015, we used Chi-square test, binary logistic regression, and disordered multi-class logistic regression to analyze the influencing factors of self-treatment and its mode selection in the elderly.
Results  In the past month, 59.8% of the respondents had self-treatment behavior. Elderly adults having an education of middle school or above(OR=1.667, 95%CI: 1.353-2.053, P＜0.001), depression(OR=1.437, 95%CI: 1.225-1.685, P＜0.001), in poor self-rated health(OR=2.026, 95%CI:1.651-2.486，P＜0.001), being dissatisfied with the quality, cost and convenience of local medical services(OR=1.234, 95%CI:1.032-1.477, P=0.021), a history of chronic diseases(OR=2.081, 95%CI:1.787-2.425， P＜0.001) and getting disease in the past month(OR=1.182, 95%CI:1.003-1.394, P=0.046), were more likely to engage in self-treatment. However, elderly people living in rural areas(OR=0.698, 95%CI:0.602-0.810, P＜0.001), and having infrequent contact with their children(OR=0.873, 95%CI:0.763-0.999, P=0.048), were less likely to engage in self-treatment. Compared with the adoption of self-medication, the elderly with education level of high school or above, unmarried or divorced, and with better economic status were more likely to use self-care or self-nursing for self-treatment. By contrast, female elderly, and those elderly having higher education level, having a poor self-rated health, being dissatisfied with the quality, cost and convenience of local medical services, having a history of chronic diseases, and getting disease in the past month, were more likely to use both self-medication and self-care or self-nursing for self-treatment(P＜0.05).
Conclusion  It is necessary to pay more attention to health needs of the elderly living in rural area, poorly educated or in poor health condition, and strengthen the health education on self-treatment to ensure the rationality of the self-treatment of the elderly. In addition, the provision of high-quality and efficient guidance of self-treatment for the elderly is a top priority in promoting the health status of the elderly.

Key words: self-treatment, root cause analysis, aged