关键词: 过敏反应, 免疫球蛋白E, 儿童, 过敏性疾病

Abstract:

Objective To explore the distribution characteristics of 14 kinds of allergens in children in Shijiazhuang area, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of children′s allergic diseases.

Methods A total of 16 490 children aged 0-14 years who were treated at Hebei Children′s Hospital were selected. The serum allergen-specific IgE was detected by Western blotting, and statistical analysis was performed on the detection results of different genders and ages.

Results Among the 16 490 children with positive allergen detection rates, the top 3 were milk(46.938%), egg albumen(38.666%), and beef/mutton(23.111%), while wheat(0.503%), cashews/peanuts/soybeans(0.309%), and mango(0.297%) had a low positive rate. The positive rate of mixed mold combination(12.562%) of boys was significantly higher than that of girls(9.350%)(P＜0.01), while the positive rate of egg albumen, cat/dog hair of girls was higher than that of boys. There was no statistically significant difference in the positive rate of cockroach allergy in different age groups(P＞0.05). The positive rate of egg albumen, mixed mold combination, milk, beef/mutton, fish/shrimp/crab decreased significantly with age(P＜0.01), while the positive rate of dwarf ragweed/artemisia, mixed dust mite group, humulus, cat hair/dog hair, tree combination, wheat, cashew/peanut/soybean was significantly increased(P＜0.01). The top three positive rates of inhaled allergens were cat hair/dog hair, mixed mold group and mixed dust mite group, with statistical difference in different seasons(P＜0.01).

Conclusion Milk, eggs, beef/mutton are the main allergens of allergic diseases in children in Shijiazhuang area, and allergens have different trends at different ages. Therefore, allergen testing is beneficial to the prevention and diagnosis of allergic diseases.

Key words: anaphylaxis, immunoglobulin E, child, allergic disease